Neodymium

Neodymium (Nd), atomic number 60, is a silver-white rare earth metal belonging to the lanthanide series. With an atomic weight of 144.242 u, neodymium has a melting point of 1021°C (1869.8°F), boiling point around 3074°C (5565°F), and density approximately 7.01 g/cm3. Relatively soft neodymium can be cut at room temperature but is sensitive to oxidation, often stored in sealed oil baths to prevent it.

In electronics, neodymium's most prominent application is as a component in powerful permanent magnets, especially neodymium iron boron (NdFeB) magnets, which are the strongest known permanent magnets today. They are extensively used in electric motors, hard disk drives, headphones, speakers, and various electronic devices. Neodymium magnets' high magnetic energy product makes them particularly valuable in energy-efficient motors and generators, enhancing these devices' performance and efficiency. 

Additionally, neodymium is used to produce specialized glass like laser-protective eyewear and high-quality optical lenses. Neodymium-doped glass can generate specific colors, also finding uses in art and decoration. As the result, Nd and its compounds are frequently made into sputter targets and consumed as deposition material.

Neodymium's electronic applications exhibit the critical role of rare earth elements in high-tech and precision manufacturing, where despite small quantities, they greatly advance modern technological development.