Titanium

Titanium (Ti), chemical symbol Ti, atomic number 22, is a silvery transition metal renowned for its high strength, low density (around 4.506-4.516 g/cm3), and excellent corrosion resistance. Titanium has a melting point of 1668°C (3035°F) and a boiling point of about 3287°C (5949°F). Its atomic weight is 47.867 u. The strength of titanium is comparable to steel but with only about 56% of steel's density. It is highly resistant to corrosion and can withstand attack from seawater, chlorine, and some acids.

In the semiconductor industry, the applications of titanium mainly manifest in its compounds and alloys. For example, titanium dioxide (TiO2) is an important semiconductor material widely used in photocatalysts and solar cells. Its bandgap enables exceptional photocatalytic activity under UV excitation for decomposing organic pollutants and germicidal effects. Another application of titanium is as a gate material in metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistors (MOSFET) for integrated circuit fabrication. Titanium alloys are also utilized in electronic packaging, as they provide the required mechanical strength and corrosion resistance while integrating well with semiconductor materials. Additionally, titanium compounds like strontium titanate (SrTiO3) have applications in microelectronics as dielectric materials and memory elements. With its unique physical and chemical properties, titanium plays an increasingly important role in modern technology, especially the semiconductor industry.

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